Sleep-improving mechanisms of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid on regulating Glu/GABA balance in insomnia rats based on network pharmacology and experimental verification / 药学学报

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid on insomnia rats combining the methods of network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental verification. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method and TCMIP, TCMSP databases were used to collect the ingredients and targets of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid. Protein-protein interactions and network analysis were performed to screen the key network targets and putative active ingredients of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid in treatment of insomnia, and then following by biological function and KEGG pathway analysis. Then binding ability for key network targets and putative active ingredients were predicted with molecular docking. The prediction targets were validated in para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) induced insomnia rats with administration of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid (2, 4, 8 mL·kg-1) for 7 days. Pentobarbital sodium induced sleeping test were performed to evaluate the synergistic sleep-aiding effect of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid. Then glutamic acid (Glu), γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) content and glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD67) activity in hypothalamus or hippocampus were evaluated, and the expressions of GAD67, γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit α1 (GABRA1) and γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit β2 (GABRB2) in hippocampus were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot methods. Animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Committee on Animal Care of Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine & Pharmaceutical Science (the number of permission: 2022060802). Results showed that 16 key network targets and 16 putative active ingredients were obtained by analyzing the herbs-ingredients-targets network of Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid in treatment of insomnia. Network pharmacology and molecular docking all indicated these active ingredients, for example atractylenolide Ⅲ, showed better binding ability with GABRA1 and GABRB2. Animal study indicated that, compared to PCPA-induced insomnia model, Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid remarkably shortened the sleeping latency and increased the sleeping duration, increased GAD67 activity and the production of GABA in hippocampus of insomnia rats, as well as the expressions of GAD67, GABRA1 and GABRB2, while decreased Glu content in hypothalamus, leading to decreasing of Glu/GABA ratio and recovery of Glu-GABA balance. These results indicated that Jiu Wei Bu Xue Oral Liquid improved insomnia symptoms and helped maintain the Glu-GABA balance within hypothalamus and hippocampus, and reduced the excitatory neurotoxicity within brain. The mechanism may due to the elevation of GAD67 expression and enzyme activity, and the enhancement of type-A GABA receptor (GABAAR)-mediated neurons inhibition.

Postmortem Distribution and Postmortem Redistribution of Carbofuran-7-Phenyl Glucuronic Acid in Rabbits / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To establish a carbofuran intragastric administration death model in rabbits, and to observe the postmortem distribution and postmortem redistribution of carbofuran-7-phenyl glucuronic acid (Glu-7PH) in rabbits.@*METHODS@#The postmortem distribution: Rabbits were given an administration of 1/2LD50, LD50, 2LD50 carbofuran. Dead rabbits were dissected immediately. Rabbits that had remained alive 2 hours were sacrificed by carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation and dissected immediately. The myocardium, cardiac blood, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain and right hindlimb muscle were collected. The postmortem redistribution: After giving an administration of 4LD50 carbofuran, the myocardium, cardiac blood, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, and right hindlimb muscle were collected at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h postmortem in supine position at 15 ℃ room temperature. The quantity of Glu-7PH was determined by LC-MS/MS.@*RESULTS@#The postmortem distribution: Among the three dose groups, there were significant differences in the quantities of Glu-7PH in different tissues. The postmortem redistribution: There was no significant difference in the Glu-7PH quantities in cardiac blood, mycardium, spleen, kidney, brain and right hindlimb muscle, but there was a significant difference in the Glu-7PH quantities in the liver and lung.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The mycardium, cardiac blood, liver, lung, kidney, brain and hindlimb muscle of rabbits can be used as appropriate samples for Glu-7PH detection. However, it should be noted that Glu-7PH was redistributed postmortem in rabbit liver and lung.

Research progress in biosynthesis of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives / 生物工程学报

Podophyllotoxin (PTOX) is an aryl-tetralin lignan of plant origin found in some species of Podophyllum such as Dysosma versipellis, Diphylleia sinensis, and Sinopodophyllum hexandrum. Etoposide and teniposide are produced semisynthetically from PTOX and used clinically to treat several forms of cancer. As a typical representative of new drug discovery from natural products, the production of PTOX solely depends on extraction from plants, resulting in severe contradiction between supply and demand. With the advantages of unconstrained resources and eco-friendly reaction conditions, biosynthesis method has become a trend in the production of PTOX and its derivatives. In this review, we summarize the research progress of PTOX biosynthesis in plants and expound the functions of the key enzymes as well as their subcellular location. The synthetic biology for production of PTOX intermediates in a tobacco chassis is also introduced. Finally, the heterologous expression and biotransformation of PTOX in microorganisms is summarized, which sets the foundation for the efficient microbial production of PTOX using cell factories.

Clinical Efficacy and Prognosis of Double-Hit Multiple Myeloma Patients with Deletion P53 Treated with Regimen Based on Bortezomib / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognosis of double-hit multiple myeloma patients with deletion P53 treated with regimen based on bortezomib.@*METHODS@#The ethnical data from 186 newly diagnosed MM patients hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of Harrison International Peace hospital from January 2012 to January 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and G-binding staining were used to detect cytogenetic abnormalities (P53 deletion, lq21 amplification and IgH rearranagement) for analyses of complete remission (CR), overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients treated with bortezomib for 4 circles.@*RESULTS@#In 186 patients, simple P53 deletion was 14 cases, 1q21 amplification and P53 deletion were found in 11 cases (A group), t (14;16) and P53 deletion in 7 cases (B group), t (4;14) and P53 deletion in 9 cases (C group). The complete remission rate (CR%) of above-mentioned three groups was 27.27%, 28.57% and 33.33% respectively, and the ORR of the three groups was 54.54%, 57.14% and 55.56%, respectively, there was no statistically significant difference between the three groups (P＞0.05). The patients with 1q21 amplification and P53 deletion had shorter OS and PFS time (P=0.041, P=0.046). The double-hit patients with 1q21 amplification showed shorter OS time, compared with the patients with P53 deletion (P=0.027). The double-hit patients with t(14;16) and t(4;14) showed shorter OS time (P=0.871, P=0.276) and PFS time (P=0.955, P=0.379) than those of the patients with P53 deletion.@*CONCLUSION@#P53 deletion and 1q21 amplification are an adverse prognostic factor of early recurrence and short lifetime in patients with newly diagnosed double-hit MM.

A toxicological study of a herbal pilatory for external use / 预防医学

Objective@# To evaluate the safety of a herbal pilatory for external use.@*Methods @#An acute eye irritation test were employed to detect the eye irritation of the herbal pilatory;a skin irritation test,a skin sensitization test and a skin phototoxicity test were employed to detect the dermal toxicity;Salmonella typhimurium reverse mutation assay（Ames test）and chromosome aberration test in CHL cells were employed to detect the effects of the pilatory on gene mutation and chromosome aberration in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. @*Results@# When the eyes of rabbits exposed to the pilatory without rinse during the first 24 hours,the conjunctiva showed congestion and edema with the highest score of 2,corneal opacity was observed with the highest score of 1;however,these symptoms returned to normal within 72 hours,with the score reduced to 0. No irritation to the skin of rabits was found after exposed to the pilatory for fourteen days,no skin sensitization was introduced by Buehler test and no skin phototoxicity on guinea pigs was detected. There was no abnormal growth of reverse mutation colonies induced by the pilatory under S9 acitivation or not. There was no statistically significant rise of chromosome aberration rate in the exposed CHL cells compared to the control groups（P>0.05）. @*Conclusion @#Under the condition,the herbal pilatory showed mild and reversible irritation to eyes,while no dermal toxicity and genetic toxicity were observed. The safety of the herbal pilatory for external use is acceptable.

The effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on the newborn metabolism related indexes and prognosis / 重庆医学

Objective Investigate the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)on the neonatal metabolism and prognosis.Methods A total of 265 singleton pregnancy GDM patients were collected as the observation group,while 260 cases of healthy singleton pregnant women were chosen as the control group.Detected the levels of adiponectin,insulin,C-peptide,glycated hemoglobin and blood glucose,compared the prognosis of two groups.Results Compared with the control group,adiponcetin and blood glucose in 2 hours after birth in observation group were lower,insulin,C-peptide and glycated hemoglobin were higher,the number of cesarean section was more,the difference was statically significant (P＜0.05).The incidence of low birth weight infant,macrosomia,neonatal asphyxia,neonatal hypoglycemia,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,neonatal pneumonia,fetal death and newborn teratogenesis in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion GDM could cause metabolic disorder and affect fetal growth and development,leading to poor prognosis.

Clinical analysis of adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To discuss the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of adult spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea (CSFR).@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was conducted on 18 patients of CSFR. Nasal secretion was collected for biochemical analysis. Imaging examination was done for identification of the bony defect in skull base.@*RESULTS@#In all cases, the glucose concentration of nasal secretion were more than 1.7 mmol/L, and the β-2 transferrin detected by immunoelectrophoresis technique were positive. Twelve cases were found to have bony defect in skull base. For the rest 6 cases without bony defect, MRI findings of 6 cases showed sinusoidal effusion with similar signals to cerebrospinal fluid, thus predicting the location of the leak. Conservative treatment was successful in one case, and the other 17 patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery with computer assisted navigation system (CANS). The results of all cases underwent surgery were successful by one time. No recurrence occured during the follow-up time (11 to 24 months).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The incidence of adult CSFR is low, hence it is easily to be missed and misdiagnosed. The majority of CSFR patients are middle-aged and elderly obese women, often combined with hypertension, diabetes, moderate and severe osteoporosis due to no daily exercise habits. Correct medical history collection, reasonable preoperative examination and accurate preoperative localization of bony defect are essential for surgical repairment. CANS used during operation can enable surgeons to locate the site of leakage accurately and shorten the operation time.

Targeting Myocyte-specific Enhancer Factor 2D Contributes to the Suppression of Cardiac Hypertrophic Growth by MiR-92b-3p in Cardiomyocytes / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the role and the potential target of miR-92b-3p in angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang-Ⅱ)-induced mouse cardiac hypertrophy.[Methods]Ang-Ⅱ-induced cardiac hypertrophy models were established in adult C57BL/6 mice. AgomiR-92b-3p,the cholesterol-modified miR-92b-3p mimic,was delivered to increase the level of miR-92b-3p in mouse myocar?dium via tail vein injection. In the present study,three groups of mice were used in the animal experiment as follows,the agomiR-negative control(agomiR-NC)+saline group,the agomiR-NC+Ang-Ⅱgroup and the agomiR-92b-3p+Ang-Ⅱgroup. A cell model of cardiac hypertrophy was also established in Ang-Ⅱ-induced neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes in this study Luciferase activity was assayed after transfection using a luciferase reporter assay system. The expression of Myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D( MEF2D) and hypertrophy-related genes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP),cardiac muscle α-actin (ACTA1) and β-myosin heavy chain (MHC)at mRNA and protein levels in Ang-Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic myocardium and cardiomyocytes were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.[Results]The expression of ANP,ACTA1,β-MHC were markedly increased in Ang-Ⅱ-induced hypertrophic myocardium and cardiomyocytes. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that MEF2D is a potential target gene of miR-92b-3p. And miR-92b-3p can reduce the expression of MEF2D at the post-transcriptional level. Functionally,miR-92b-3p mimic, consistent with MEF2D siRNA,inhibited cell size increase and protein expression of ANP,ACTA1 andβ-MHC in Ang-II-treated mouse cardiomyocytes.[Conclusions]MEF2D is a novel target of miR-92b-3p,a target gene of miR-92b-3,which mediates the ef?fect of miR-92b-3p on attenuating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

A study on teratogenic effects of Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu extract on SD rats / 预防医学

Objective To study maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenecity of Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu in SD rats.Methods A total of 64 successfully mated female SD rats were randomly divided in to 4 groups (16 per group), in which 3 experimental groups were daily treated with 3.75, 7.5 and 15.0 g/kg. bw test substance by lavage from 7th to 16th day during gestation respectively. Body weight and general conditions of the pregnant rats were recorded during the study. On the 20th day in pregnancy, the rats were anatomized and examined grossly, the fetuses were removed and counted, weight, length, visceral and skeletal changes were then examined. Results There was no significant difference in the conception rate, total weight gain during the pregnancy and the number of living, dead and resorbed fetuses between each dosage groups and the control group (P>0.05) . The number of the rib, sternum, the fifth sternum punctated and the parietal bone which were ossified defectively all showed no difference among the four groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion Chimonanthus salicifolius S. Y. Hu extract had no obvious maternal toxicity, embryotoxicity and teratogenecity in SD rats under this experiment condition.

A study on the change of levels of blood lead and serum biochemical parameters of the school age children from different areas / 预防医学

Objective To learn the changes of blood lead levels and serum biochemical parameters of the school agechildren from different areas. Methods All research objects, the school age children, were from three different areasrespectively, including a mountainous area (L area), an island area (H area) where there is not history of Pb pollution,and an industry area (N area) in relation to Pb pollution. The morning urine and peripheral venous blood samples werecollected from the school age children. Pb in blood (PbB), δ-aminoaevulinic acid in urine (ALA), Ca2+, BUN, Cr inserum, and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), thyroxin (T4), free thyroxin (FT4) levels were detected. ResultsPbB levels [M was 36.0 ppb] of the school age children from N area were significantly higher than that of L area [22.0 ppb] andH area [23.8 ppb]. On the contrary, serum Ca2+ levels of the school age children from N area were significantly lower than thatof L area and H area. Serum T4 of N area was significantly lower than that of L area and H area. Serum FT4 of H area wassignificantly higher than that of L area and N area. And TSH of N area and H area were both obviously lower than that of L area.But all of these thyroxin indexes were in the range of normal values. Conclusion It should be widely concerned that thesignificant elevation of PbB levels may have a negative impact on school age children in the future.

A toxicological evaluation on the safety of the Eucommia folium / 预防医学

Objective To evaluate the safety of the Eucommia folium and to provide the basis of the rational use ofEucommia folium resource.Methods According to < Technical Standards for Testing & Assessment of Health Food>,version 2003, acute safety test/micronucleus test of born marrow in mice/sperm shape abnormality test in mice/Ames test andthirty-day feeding test were all performed after water extract concentrations of Eucommia folium treatment (1 mLconcentrations equal to 1.5 g Eucommia folium) . Results On the acute toxicity test, the MTD of rats and mice were both40.0 mL/kgbw. The results of genetic toxicity test were all negative in the dosage of 10 g/kg bw(according to the dosage ofEucommia folium) .The results of thirty-day feeding test indicated that there have no significant differences in body weight,blood cytology indexes, blood biochemical indexes, organ/body ratio and pathematology examination in the rats in all thegroups (0.83, 1.67, 3.30 mL/kg) as compared to the control group(P>0.05) . Conclusion Under this experimentalcondition, no obvious abnormity and toxic reaction were observed.

A study on the cloning and sequencing of mutation of p53 gene induced by sodium pentachlorophenate in somatic cell of zebrafish / 预防医学

Objective To explore the mutagenic effect of sodium pentachlorophenate (NaPCP) on zebrafish p53 gene coding sequence(CDS) in somatic cell.Methods The experiment was carried out using tuebingen strain of zebrafish, according to the results of acute toxicity test to determine the exposure levels in zebrafish.Zebrafish were randomly divided into blank control group and exposed groups, each containing 10 zebrafish.After exposing for 45d of NaPCP, the RNA was extracted from liver of zebra fish, and the p53 gene including a complete coding sequence of was obtained by RT-PCR.Results LC50 of NaPCP was 18.4 μg/L.Sequence analysis showed that the p53 gene CDS length of 1125bp, encoding 374 amino acids.The percent identity between the published zebrafish sequence of p53 (GI:425876786)and ours was 99.2%,with the other biological sequence of p53 existing some differences.After 45d exposure, zebrafish p53 gene of NaPCP exposure group had mutated at the concentration of 1.8 μg /L.The base substitution of GAG→AAG at codon 8,CAT→CAG at codon 148 and CAG→CAA at codon 229 were detected by PCR-directed sequencing.This may result in the Glu→Lys and His→Gln of expressed p53 protein.Conclusion NaPCP is a kind of gene mutation, which can induce the mutation of p53 gene in zebrafish somatic cells, that has the potential mutagenic risk for humans.

Effect of group mind-games and group counseling on training burnout among soldiers stationed on plateau for the first time / 军事医学

Objective To explore the effect of group mind-games and group counseling on training burnout among soldiers who quickly marched to the plateau for the first time .Methods Totally 399 soldiers who quickly marched to the plateau for the first time were divided randomly into to the control group ( n=201 ) and test group ( n=198 ) .The test group had particinated in group mind-games and psychological counseling twice a week for a total of 5 weeks, while the control group received no counseling .Soldier training fatigue questionnairs were used to compare the difference between the two groups before and after group mind-games and psychological counseling .Results ①The total scores of training burnout and the scores of all the factors of soldiers before counseling in the two groups was of no statistical significance (P>0.05). After counseling , the total scores of training burnout and the scores of all factors in test group were remarkably lower than those in control group,and the difference was of statistical significance (P<0.05).The total scores of training burnout and the scores of physical and psychologica exhaustion and alienaties decreased significantly after training in test group ( P<0.05), but the change was of no statistical significance in control group (P>0.05).②Soldiers who had served 1 to 2 years or over 9 years had significant difference in the scores of training burnout , physical and psychologica exhaustion ( P<0.05).Soldiers who had served 3 to 8 years had significant difference in the scores of training and the scores of each factor after counseling(P<0.05).Conclusion Group mind-games and psychological counseling can effectively help alleviate the training burnout of soldiers who quickly march to the plateau for the first time.

One of the Mechanisms in Blastic Transformation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Epigenetics Abnormality--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Chronic myeloid leukemia is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by excessive cloning of bone marrow multipotent stem cells. According to the disease course, the CML may be divided into chronic phase (CP), accelerated phase (AP) and blastic phase (BP). At present, the molecular mechanisms of acute transformation of CML has not been fully understood. The recent studies have shown that the epigenetics is one of mechanisms in blastic transformation of CML, including three molecular mechanisms such as DNA modification, histone modifications and RNA-related dysregulation. The molecular mechanisms for epigenetics leading to the transformation of CML are discussed in this review.

Pretreatments with hypertonic solution and cobalt chloride in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for treatment of degenerative disc disease / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Stem cel therapy has been used for prevention and treatment of degenerative disc disease. Considering the special microenvironment in the intervertebral disc, the survival rate and differentiation ability of transplanted cels are decreased, which may lead to the poor efficacy of stem cel therapy. How to improve the survival ability and therapeutic effect of the transplanted cels is the focus of stem cel therapy for degenerative disc disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of cobalt chloride combined with hypertonic solution pretreatment on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels that wil be transplanted for treatment of degenerative disc disease. METHODS:(1)In vitro cel experiment: bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were divided into three groups and subjected to normal culture medium (normal control group), 1% hypertonic mother solution (hypertonic group), 100 μmol/L cobalt chloride (hypoxia group), or 1% hypertonic mother solution plus 100 μmol/L cobalt chloride (combined group) for 1 week. Then, 2% hypertonic solution and 200 μmol/L cobalt chloride cobalt chloride were used to simulate the anaerobic and hypertonic environment intervenes in pretreated and untreated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels for 24 hours. After that, RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of caspase-3 for apoptosis evaluation. (2)In vivo animal experiment: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into model, cel transplantation and hypertonic plus hypoxic groups. Rat models of intervertebral disc degeneration were made in these three groups. After modeling, rats in these three groups were given no treatment, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation or transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels which were subjected to hypertonic and hypoxia pretreatments into the intervertebral disc. Two weeks later, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR methods were used to detect cel distribution and related gene expression, respectively, thereby to evaluate the therapeutic effect of stem cels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1)In vitro cel experiment: caspase-3 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in pretreated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels compared with the untreated cels (P < 0.05). (2)In vivo animal experiment: compared with the control group, the caspase-3 and interleukin-1β in the intervertebral disc and a number of degenerative indexes were decreased in the cel transplantation. Compared with the cel transplantation group, these indicators had better outcomes in the hypertonic plus hypoxic group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels have therapeutic potential for degenerative disc disease, and have better adaptability and transplantation effects by hypertonic and hypoxia pretreatments.

A study on the development toxicity and genetoxicity induced by sodium pentachlorophenate / 预防医学

Objective To investigate teratogenicity on the zebrafish embryo and genetoxicity induced by Sodium Pentachlorophenate (NaPCP),and to provide suggestions for protecting the environmental safety and human health. Methods Zebrafish embryonic development test,p53 gene in zebrafish eggs mutagenicity test,Vicia Faba Micronucleus Test and Ames test were used in the studies.Results The results of zebrafish embryonic development test showed that NaPCP increased embryonic 120 hpf teratogeny rates and 120 hpf death rates and decreased embryonic 120 hpf hatching rates in concentration of 0.5 -2.5 μL/L,with significant teratogenic effect on the embryo.The rates of embryo abnormity increased with the exposure time and concentration.Sequence analysis showed that NaPCP exposure group zebrafish p53 gene had mutated at the concentration of 0.4 μL /L.The base substitution of AAT→AAG at codon 49,ACA→ACG at codon 87 and GCG→GCA at codon 158 were detected by PCR -directed sequencing.This may result in the Asn→Lys of expressed p53 protein.As compared with control group,0.2 mg/L,1.0 mg/L dosage of NaPCP could induce an extremely significant increase in micronucleus frequency of vicia faba root tip cells and had a certain dose -effect relationship.Ames test was negative.Conclusion NaPCP could delay embryonic development and even cause embryonic lethality and induce abnormality in zebrafish.NaPCP had certain genetoxicity.

A study on the effect of repeated -dose toxicity on rats exposed to dichloromethane by dermal route for 28 days / 预防医学

Objective To learn the toxic effects on rats repeatedly exposed to dichloromethane by dermal route at the same dose for 28 days.Methods Seventy two Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups:a solvent control group (oliver oil),four exposure groups (0.75,1.5,3.0 and 6.0 g/kg·BW)and a recovery group.Each group included six female and six male rats.The exposure groups were dermal exposed to DCM at 1.5,3.0 and 6.0 g/kg·BW,6 hours/day,5 days/week for four weeks.The recovery group was dermal exposed to 6.0 g/kg BW of DCMduring the same period then recovered for 2 weeks.Clinical signs including body weight and food consumption of each group were observed.After rats were sacrificed,the hematological and serum biochemical parameters were determined.Histopathological examination was performed on selected tissues for all animals.Results The male rats in test groups including four exposure groups and a recovery group,showed decreased body weight gain.Neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia were determined in females of 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg BW groups and males of 1.5,3.0 and 6.0 g/kg BW groups by blood routine test (P <0.05).The mean levels of serum ALT and AST significantly increased in males of 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg BW groups (P <0.05).Only the mean level of serum TG in males of 6.0 g/kg BW group decreased (P <0.05).No significant differences of these indexes were shown in female rats of all exposure groups compared to control group.The exposure -related significant increases on the incidences of epidermis and dermis lesion,hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis were observed in test groups compared to the control group.The rats of recovery group were exhibited normal percentages of lymphocytes and neutrophils,levels of ALT,AST and TG. The skin and hepatocellular lesion were improved to some extent, but not recovered exactly.Conclusion In a 4 -week repeated -dose toxic study,DCM induce dose -related effects in rats involving skin lesion and liver injury with adverse changes in body weight gain of male rats,part parameters of hematology and serum biochemistry .

Relationship among perceived stress,sleeping and fatigue status in soldiers acutely exposed to high altitude for the first time / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among perceived stress,sleep and fatigue status; and to analyze the effect of sleep status in mediating and regulating perceived stress and fatigue status in soldiers that were acutely exposed to high altitude for the first time. METHODS: A total of 700 soldiers that were acutely exposed to high altitude for the first time were investigated with convenient sampling. They were evaluated using Perceived Stress Scale,Sleep Status Self-evaluation Test,and Fatigue Scale-14. The mediating effect was analyzed by structural equation model,and the moderating effect was analyzed by hierarchical regression analysis. RESULTS: The total score of fatigue among soldiers that often took part in recreational activities was significant lower than that who did not( P < 0. 01). The total score of fatigue among soldiers that had training injury was significant higher than that who had not( P < 0. 01). The total score of fatigue among soldiers that had high training expectations was significant higher than that that didn't have high training expectations( P < 0. 01). Sleep status,sense of overload and training expectations had remarkable predicting effect on fatigue status among soldiers that were acutely exposed to high altitude for the first time( P < 0. 01). Sleeping status has a complete mediating effect on the sense of prediction,sense of overload and fatigue status( P < 0. 01),and has a moderating effect on the sense of control,sense of overload and fatigue status( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION:s Perceived stress and sleeping status had close relationship with fatigue status among soldiers that were acute exposed to high altitude for the first time. Sleeping status has intermediary and regulating effect between senses of overload and fatigue state.

A study on the influence of dichloromethane exposure on liver function among furniture manufacturing workers / 预防医学

Objective To explore the effects of dichloromethane(DCM)exposure on serum biochemical indexes among furniture manufacturing workers. Methods A total of 65 workers who engaged in adhesive operations in furniture manufactory and 56 workers who would be recruited into another factory as new employees were investigated. Twenty two pairs of workers were selected as occupationally exposure group and control group,respectively. The concentration of DCM in workplace of adhesive operations in furniture manufactory was determined. Serum levels of TP,ALB,GloB,A/ G, ALT,AST,GGT,AFU,GPDA,ADA,ALP,CHE,CHOL,TG,TBA,TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were tested by automatic biochemical analyzer in all groups. Results The mean levels of serum TP,ALB,GloB in exposure group( the concentrations of DCM in workplace were 1 300 - 7 760 mg/ m3 )were 73. 7 ± 3. 6,47. 5 ± 2. 3 and 26. 2 ± 2. 8 g/ L,which were significantly lower than that of control group(P < 0. 05). Compared to the control group,the mean levels of CHE, ADA,AST and ALT activity in exposure group(7 477. 8 ± 1 240. 8,7. 3 ± 1. 7,21. 6 ± 5. 6 and 13. 0 ± 5. 6 U/ L)were significantly lower(P < 0. 05). The mean levels of TBIL,DBIL and IBIL were 13. 9 ± 7. 6,6. 4 ± 4. 3 and 7. 5 ± 3. 4μmol/ L,respectively,which were significantly higher than that of control group(P < 0. 05). No significant difference in the mean levels of the other biochemical indexes in serum was observed between exposure and control group. However,no correlation was found between the levels of ALB and TBIL,ALB and DBIL,or ALB and IBIL. Conclusion Occupational exposure to DCM is associated with the decrease of TP,ALB,GloB and CHE levels in serum. Meanwhile,DCM occupational exposure is correlated with the increase of TBIL,DBIL and IBIL levels in serum. Our data suggest that occupational exposure to DCM may be related to inhibition of synthetic function in live,damage of blood cells and declined metabolism of bilirubin.

A study on the effect of nanometer titanium dioxide on the oxidative stress in zebrafish / 预防医学

Objective To know the effect of nanometer titanium dioxide (nano -TiO2 )on the oxidative stress in zebrafish. Methods A total of 64 zebrafishes were randomly divided into 4 groups with different concentrations of nano -TiO2 exposure,which including control group,low dose group (2 mg/L),moderate dose group (8 mg/L)and high dose group (32 mg/L).The content of MDA,the activities of SOD and ATPase in gill,liver and muscle were measured in 1 0 zebrafishes in each group after 30 d exposure.Histopathological changes of gill,liver and muscle in the remainder fishes were observed.Results The content of Malondialdehyde (MDA)in the fish gill of the moderate and high dose group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05).The activity of Superoxide dismutase (SOD)in the fish gill of the high dose group was significantly increased compared with the control group (P <0.05).The activities of Adenosine triphosphatase(ATPase)in the fish gill of the moderate and high dose group were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P <0.05).The changes on the content of MDA and the activities of SOD in the fish liver were similar with that in the fish gill after nano -TiO2 exposure,while there was no significant change in the activity of ATPase of the fish liver.And no significant changes were observed in the content of MDA,the activities of SOD and ATPase in the fish muscle (P >0.05 ). Histopathological observation showed infiltration by inflammatory cells, swelling and degeneration, vacuolation and necrosis in zebrafish gill and liver with different degrees.Conclusion Nano -TiO2 exposure could induce the oxidative stress in zebrafish,causing pathological changes in the fish gill and liver.